Diamond Lens Makes Laser Optical Material Processing System Lighter

 Diamond Lens Makes Laser Optical Material Processing System Lighter

Diamond has some remarkable properties: for example, its refractive index is 2.4, which is very high, and can be made into thinner optical components for optical systems with the same optical power. Their thermal conductivity is 2000 W/m*K, 1400 times higher than that of optical glass.

So far, polycrystalline diamond substrates have only been used as light windows for carbon dioxide lasers. Due to impurities and defects, they absorb and scatter hyperion laser radiation at the emission wavelength of 1 micron, so they are not suitable for fiber lasers. Although single crystal diamonds do not have this problem, they are difficult to manufacture. Over the years, the German Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics (IAF) has been devoted to the production of single crystal diamond. The continuous vapor deposition (CVD) reaction chamber developed in IAF has stable plasma conditions and it can produce a substrate with a thickness of several millimeters.

It can simultaneously process 60 diamonds at most. At a rate of up to 30 microns per hour, the reaction chamber can produce an optical element with an aperture of about 10 millimeters.

The lenses made of these synthetic single crystal diamonds have low absorptivity and low birefringence. At present, some samples coated with antireflection film have been provided and used in fiber laser cutting head. "We have optimized a complete laser optical system for diamond lenses for the first time, and the weight of the cutting head has been reduced by 90%," said Martin Traub of the Fraunhof Institute of laser technology".

The lens with a diameter of 7mm has passed the test of 2 kW laser power, without any problems. Now, partners have built a cutting test system using 1kW fiber lasers. Water cooling and protective gas supply are integrated in the cutting head. Process monitoring has not been planned. Currently, compact cutting heads is in process of testing for the first time.

A new optical system will significantly enhance the flexibility of laser cutting. The small size enables the system to process inaccessible areas, while the low weight is beneficial to the high dynamic motion in the 3D process.

As an optical assembly manufacturing company, we will do our best to meet all the needs of customers.

New Crystal Glass may Allow Humans to Breathe Underwater like Fish

 New Crystal Glass may Allow Humans to Breathe Underwater like Fish

The core problem of underwater activity of divers is that humans cannot ingest oxygen from water, therefore, it is necessary to carry gas cylinders or to supply gas from the water surface, and the breathing problem has become one of the most complicated technologies in diving technology. But the water actually dissolves a certain amount of oxygen, fish is through the gills to absorb oxygen from the water to maintain life. In theory, if you can master the rapid uptake of oxygen from water, then humans do not need to carry gas in the underwater activities. But keeping breathing for a long time under water has always been considered unthinkable and impossible, scuba diving can only continue to be carried out underwater by carrying air or by piping. Because fish can absorb oxygen from the water by their gills, humans and mammals don't have gills, and they can't use oxygen in the water to support life.

Let the human fish breathe oxygen in the water for a long time to survive in the water, it sounds like science fiction, and Danish scientists have recently been able to get oxygen permanently underwater, which is a step toward that goal. It's because of the kind of crystal material they developed, this synthetic material is named Neptune crystal AquamanCrystal. This synthetic material can continuously ingest oxygen from air and water without any other means. The oxygen absorbed by the crystal can be released as long as it is heated slightly or exposed to low oxygen pressure. At present, it is difficult to produce this kind of synthetic crystal material in large quantities.

The implications of this finding are profound, says Christina Mackenzie, a professor at the university of Denmark, who led the research. She told the science daily: "this material can absorb oxygen from the air. Patients with respiratory dysfunction need daily oxygen, the technology will allow patients to get rid of heavy oxygen tanks. Divers may also use the technology in the future to carry a small amount of this crystal grain. The diver breathes the material into the water to absorb oxygen that is dissolved in water, so there is no need to carry gas cylinders or supply the gas from the water. So they named the crystal AquamanCrystal.

Neptune crystals have a spongy composition that absorbs oxygen.

Neptune crystals absorb oxygen and rely on cobalt ions. This is very similar to the ability of hemoglobin to absorb oxygen. Because oxygen is difficult to dissolve in water and blood, all living things on earth use metal ions to combine and transport oxygen. The hemoglobin in the blood of people and many animals depends on the combination of iron and oxygen. Myoglobin, the myoglobin in muscle cells, is also a similar molecule. Animals such as crabs and spiders rely on copper ions to combine and transport oxygen. The ability of metal ions to absorb oxygen is huge. So it's not surprising that this crystal glass has a powerful ability to absorb oxygen.

If you want to know more about how fish breathe underwater, please visit our website.

Hyp design is a premium full-service photonics supplier. Our manufacturing capabilities span across the spectrum. From UV, VIS, to IR, we fabricate custom optical components to system assemblies that meet unique and specialized applications.  

Composition of Different Achromatic Doublet Lenses

 Composition of Different Achromatic Doublet Lenses

1. Achromatic doublet lens is a kind of common lens. It consists of several groups of positive and negative cemented lenses with different radius of curved surface. It can only correct the axial chromatic aberration of red and blue light in spectral line. At the same time, the spherical aberration on the axis and the coma aberration on the paraxial point are corrected. This kind of lens can not eliminate the second-order spectrum, only the spherical aberration and chromatic aberration in the yellow and green wave regions are corrected. The spherical aberration and chromatic aberration of the remaining chromatic aberration and other wave areas can not be eliminated, and the image field bending is still very large, that is to say, only the clear image in the middle of the field of view can be obtained. It is advisable to use yellow-green light as illumination source or insert yellow-green filter in the optical path. This kind of lens is simple, economical and practical. It is often used in conjunction with correction eyepiece and is widely used in medium and low power microscopes. In black-and-white photography, green filters can be used to reduce the residual axial chromatic aberration and obtain good contrast photographs.

2. Complex achromatic doublet lens is composed of several groups of advanced lenses made of special optical glass and fluorite. The axial chromatic aberration is corrected by red, blue and yellow light, and the secondary spectrum is eliminated. Therefore, the image quality is good, but it is difficult to process and calibrate many lenses. The correction of chromatic aberration is in all wavebands of visible light. If blue or yellow filters are added, the effect will be better. It is the best objective in the microscope. It has good correction for spherical aberration and chromatic aberration. It is suitable for high magnification. However, it still needs to be used with compensating eyepiece to eliminate residual chromatic aberration.

3. Planar achromatic doublet lens is a complex optical structure composed of multiple lenses, which can correcting astigmatism and image field bending well, and make the whole field of view clear. It is suitable for microphotography. The correction of spherical aberration and chromatic aberration of the objective is still limited to the yellow-green wave region, and there is still residual chromatic aberration.

4. Planar achromatic doublet lens has the same degree of aberration correction as complex achromatic objective lens except for further image field bending correction, which makes the image clear and flat. But the structure is complex and difficult to manufacture.

With over 12+ years of optical design manufacturing and fabrication experience, Hyperion Optics can deliver an optimized lens solution with guaranteed satisfactory results for your unique application.

Basic knowledge of aspheric lens technology

 Basic knowledge of aspheric lens technology

1、Technical principle

The curvature radius of the plastic aspheric lens changes with the center axis. It can be used to improve optical quality, reduce the number of optical components and reduce design costs. Compared with spherical lens, aspheric lens has unique advantages, so it has been widely used in optical instrument, image and photoelectron industry, such as digital camera, CD player and high end micro instrument.

2、Comparative advantage

a, Spherical aberration calibration

The most remarkable advantage of aspheric lenses in replacing spherical lenses is that they can correct the spherical aberration caused by spherical lenses in collimating and focusing systems. By adjusting the surface constant and the aspheric coefficient, the aspheric lens can eliminate spherical aberration to the maximum extent.Aspheric lenses (rays converge to the same point and provides optical quality) basically eliminate spherical aberrations produced by spherical lenses (rays converge to different points and leads to blurred imaging).

Three spherical lenses are used to increase the effective focal length, which can be used to eliminate spherical aberration. However, a aspheric lens (high numerical aperture, short focal length) can be realized, and it can simplify the system design and provide the light transmittance.

b, System advantages

The aspheric lens simplifies the elements involved in optical engineers to improve the optical quality and improves the stability of the system. For example, in zoom systems, 10 or more lenses are normally used (additional: high mechanical tolerances, additional assembly procedures, and the improvement of antireflection coating). However, one or two aspheric lenses can achieve similar or better optical qualities. This reduces the system size, increases the cost rate and reduces the overall cost of the system.

3、Moulding techniques

a, Moulding of precision glass

The molding of precision glass is to make the glass material heated to high temperature and become plastic, and then molded by aspheric mold, and finally gradually cooled to room temperature.At present, the molding of precision glass is not suitable for aspheric lens with diameter greater than 10mm. However, new tools, optical glass and metrology process are driving the development of the technology. Although precision glass molding at the beginning of the design has high cost (high precision mold development), but after the molding, the production of high-quality products can be split off the pre development costs. It is especially suitable for the needs of mass production.

b, Forming of precision polishing

Lapping and polishing are generally applicable to the production of monolithic aspheric lenses at one time. With the improvement of technology, the accuracy is higher and higher.The most remarkable thing is that precise polishing is controlled by computers and automatically adjusted to optimize parameters.If higher quality polishing is required, magnetorheological finishing (magneto-rheological finishing) will be adopted. Compared with standard polishing, magnetorheological finishing has higher performance and shorter time.Precision polishing molding technology need professional equipment. It is currently the first choice of sample production and small batch sample.

c, Hybrid molding technology

The hybrid molding is a spherical aspheric lens with a spherical lens as the substrate, which is cast on the surface of the spherical lens through an aspherical mould and cured by a layer of high polymer with UV light. Mixed forming is generally used the achromatic spherical lens as the base, and then a layer of aspheric surface is cast on the surface to eliminate chromatic aberration and spherical aberration simultaneously. Figure 7 is the manufacturing process of the hybrid aspheric lens. The hybrid aspherical lens is suitable for large scale manufacturing with additional characteristics (eliminating chromatic aberration and spherical aberration) .

d, Injection molding

In addition to glass aspherical lenses, there are plastic aspheric lenses.Plastic molding is the injection of molten plastics into aspherical molds.Compared with glass, the thermal stability and compressive resistance of plastics are poor. It requires special treatment to obtain similar aspherical lenses. However, the plastic aspheric lens is characterized by its low cost, light weight and easy molding. It is widely used in the fields of moderate optical quality, insensitive to thermal stability and little pressure resistance.

4、Basis of choice

All kinds of aspheric lenses have their own relative advantages. Therefore, it is very important to choose the right products for different applications. The main considerations include: batch, quality and cost.

With over 12+ years of optical assembly manufacturing and fabrication experience, Hyperion Optics can deliver an optimized lens solution with guaranteed satisfactory results for your unique application.

Dielectric HR Mirror

 Dielectric Mirror Design

Reflective film from the coating material can generally be divided into two categories; one is the reflective metal film, one is all dielectric reflective film.

 

Media reflection film using the principle of multi-beam interference, which, contrary to the media anti-reflective film, can significantly improve the light in the air glass interface reflectivity. By alternately plating high and low refractive index multilayer films on the surface of the lens, the synthetic amplitude of the reflected light can be increased, and the reflectivity of the reflective film can be more than 99.9% of specially optimized design. In contrast, the reflectivity of the reflective metal film is only 97%.

 

At the same time, the dielectric film in the air stability and wear resistance is better than the metal film.

 

Plane mirrors, also known as front surface mirrors or first surface mirrors, are used in beam steering or reflecting applications. These optical mirrors are essential for precise light manipulation in various optical systems.

 

We stock four grades of plane front surface mirrors with a range of up to six coatings to meet applications in the UV, Visible, NIR and FIR applications.

 

Precision λ/10 front surface mirrors: They are manufactured from borosilicate material. Using LEGB borosilicate or equivalent ensures the mirror has low coefficient thermal expansion properties. These mirrors are used in high demanding beam steering and reflection applications such as imaging and astronomy.  We stock precision λ/10 front surface mirrors coated for visible wavelength with aluminum/SiO₂ and the high reflective dielectric covered 99% mirror coating for high energy laser applications.

 

Precision λ/4 front surface optical mirrors: Ours is not as expensive as the λ/10 versions. Used in many scientific instruments where quality is important but the use of the λ/10 versions cannot be justified. We stock precision λ/4 front surface mirrors coated for UV, visible, NIR and IR applications. For UV applications as small as 180nm our quality ¼ wave mirrors are covered with aluminum/ Mgf². For visible applications, our λ/4 front surface mirrors are coated with aluminum/SiO₂, and high reflective dielectric coated 99% mirror coating. For near infrared applications, we have a range of ¼ wave mirrors coated with dielectric 98% that works efficiently to YAG wavelength of 1064nm. Our range of λ/4 front surface mirrors for applications in NIR and FIR mirrors are covered with protected silver that performs well in the visible and up to 2000nm in the NIR, and our protected gold painted quality ¼ wave mirrors work from 750nm NIR into far infrared applications.

 

Guaranteed 1λ over 25mm front surface mirrors: Our range of 1λ over 25mm front surface mirrors are less expensive than a ¼ wave and 10th wave mirrors but still achieve reasonable results in demanding applications. These cost effective one wave mirrors are available in UV/ aluminum, enhanced aluminum and dielectric 99% coating for use in the visible. These one wave mirrors are typically are usually used in more demanding imaging applications where image quality is important. Our range of 1 wave front surface mirror (first surface mirrors) are selected for guaranteed flatness of 1 wave over 25mm aperture and individually tested to ensure they meet specification. They are manufactured from standard pre-coated sheet material. We stock this range from UV through to infra-red to fit most scientific instrumentation applications. Our pre-coated sheets of mirror substrates are shared as 145x100mm plates.

 

General purpose front surface mirrors: Our general-purpose grade of front surface plane mirrors are manufactured from standard coated sheet material. These general purpose grades of first surface mirrors are available with a multitude of coatings for an extensive range of the scientific instrument and lighting applications. Our stock range of front surface plane mirrors are made from high-quality float glass and are available in thicknesses of 1mm, 3mm, and 6mm thick as standard.

 

Stock general purpose grade mirrors can also be edges to smaller diameters and other shapes at short notice. These mirrors are stocked in large sheets so larger sizes up to 1000mm square are available for projector applications.

 

Our stock ranges of front surface / first surface mirrors are all available in a variety of coatings to meet most applications:

 

Enhanced aluminum 94%R for visible applications.

99.9% dielectric for laser use in visible applications.

UV aluminum for UV applications down to 180nm.

98.5% dielectric for laser use in the NIR applications.

Ion plated silver for NIR-2000nm applications.

Protected gold for 750nm to remote infra-red applications.

 

Contact our technical sales team for further advice about dielectric mirror glass design and assistance.

 

As an optical assembly manufacturing company, we will do our best to meet all the needs of customers.

 

 

 

Penta Prism

 Penta Prisms are used to define right angles in optical systems. Penta Prisms, which provide right handed images, feature a ray deviation of 90°. Penta Prisms are five-sided prisms and unaffected by slight movements. Edmund Optics offers a variety of Penta Prisms for optimal performance in the Ultraviolet (UV), Visible, or Infrared (IR) spectrums.

 

The penta prism will neither invert nor reverse the image. Penta prisms are extremely useful in alignment systems as they define a right angle very precisely and independently of angle of incidence. Rays entering one face emerge from the adjacent face at precisely 90 deg after they have undergone two reflections inside the prism for a total of 270 deg. The penta prism acts as a turning mirror which is insensitive to alignment.

 

Penta prism is often used in Plumb Level, Surveying, Alignment, Range finding and Optical Tooling

 

Factory Standard – Contact us for manufacturing limit or custom specifications

 

Material: BK7 Grade A optical glass, Corning Fused Silica 7980,  JGS1, JGS2

Dimension Tolerance: +/-0.1mm

90 Deviation Tolerance:

 

Precision series: up to 2 arc seconds

 

Flatness: Precision series: 1/4  at 632.8 nm

Reflectivity: R > 95% per face from 630 to 680 nm

Surface Quality: 60-40 scratch and dig

Coating: On request

Protective Bevel available

 

Hyp design is a premium full-service photonics supplier. Our manufacturing capabilities span across the spectrum. From UV, VIS, to IR, we fabricate custom optical components to system assemblies that meet unique and specialized applications.

 

Dove Prism

 Where Can I Buy a Glass Prism?

Dove prism are used as reflective prism inverting the image. Dove prism is shaped from a truncated right-angle prism. Normally, dove prisms are used in the parallel optical path based on critical angle principle to meet total internal reflection with limited FOV.

 

A beam of light entering one of the sloped faces of the prism undergoes total internal reflection from the inside of the longest (bottom) face and emerges from the opposite sloped face. Images passing through the prism are flipped, and because only one reflection takes place, the image is inverted but not laterally transposed.

 

A beam of light entering the sloped faces undergoes total internal reflection from the bottom surface, and emerges from the opposite sloped face. Also interestingly whtn dove prisms optical are rotated along longitudinal axis, the image rotates at twice the rate of the prism which have applications in fields such as interferometry, astronomy, and pattern recognition. Dove prisms can be also used as right angle prisms with sloped faces HR coated.

 

Hyperion Optics supplies standard and custom made dove prisms according to your requirement.

 

If you want to buy glass prism, please contact us.

 

With over 12+ years of optical design manufacturing and fabrication experience, Hyperion Optics can deliver an optimized lens solution with guaranteed satisfactory results for your unique application.